The foreign policy of a nation is the general objectives, strategies and actions a country takes in its interactions with other states, unions and international entities. It can encompass a wide range of objectives, from defense and security to economic interests and humanitarian aid. Often, these activities are guided by the notion of the responsibilities of the state and the need to protect citizens in a global environment.
The practice of foreign policy stretches back to ancient times, when the first civilizations and empires began to interact with each other. Over time, the development of religions and ideologies and the discovery and colonization of continents influenced and changed the international system and its actors.
In modern history, the United States has become a world power with significant influence and responsibilities in the global arena. Decisions made in Washington often have far-reaching effects, affecting people thousands of miles away. The country’s outsized military and economy give it unique influence, but it also has a responsibility to promote peace and prosperity around the globe.
The country has a role to play in international affairs, but there is much debate about how extensively it should involve itself. Should it pursue a foreign policy of engagement, seeking to positively influence the global order through diplomacy and the use of force? Or should it try to withdraw, leaving its sphere of influence limited to its own territory? Regardless of the approach, all nations must navigate competing interests and objectives, and make policy accordingly.